Epilepsy Disease and Epilepsy Medications

Epilepsy is a chronic kovulsi disorder, most commonly found characterized by recurrent attacks of pain symptoms are accompanied by convulsions and loss of consciousness, known as type grandmal. If an attack occurs berualang momentary loss of consciousness, known as a petit mal, but it is also known for the type of temporal fokel- who present local seizures.

Convulsions are manifestations of brain disorders, local or general, can result from congenital defects, degenerative illnesses, trauma ssp, anoxia, fever, metabolic disorders, epilepsy, anaphylaxis, neoplasms, diseases serebrovaskulus, poisoning, and Putul symptoms of alcohol or other drugs.

Convulsions underlying disease may not be cured, but the convulsion itself can always be controlled. Occasional convulsions difficult to control, hence the need to special measures, such as providing general anesthesia. Drug selection based primarily on the attack and not based on the etiology of the disease, other considerations include the patient's age, response to prior therapy, and medication side effects.

Single drug therapy showed some advantages, as between the other:

• Easily evaluate the results of therapy

• Easily evaluate drug levels in the blood

• The side effects can be reduced

• Avoid possible drug interactions.

But it turns out it was forced to require therapeutic compound with a combination of two types of drugs, or more. Giving antiepileptic always start with a low dose and then gradually increased until symptoms of epilepsy under control. Frequency of administration based on half time. Antiepileptic with a long half time, such as phenobarbital, administered once daily at bedtime. Sometimes the drugs need to be given three times a day, to keep the plasma levels are not too high, so it can be avoided from the side effects. Children are usually given more often with relatively higher doses per kg of body weight because children quickly metabolize the drug.

Phenytoin and carbamazepine is the drug used to treat epileptic grand mal type, they almost do not cause sedation. Phenobarbital is preferred in children as an alternative to phenytoin and phenytoin can be added to the regimen that can not be controlled konvulsinya. In epilepsy therapy should be considered correct therapeutic compound and at the time of termination of the drug. Interaction between the type of epilepsy is complex without being followed by adequate therapeutic effect. Termination of antiepileptic therapy should not be so abrupt.

Epileptic drug therapy classes include: valproic acid, divalproatna, gabapentin, carbamazepine, clonazepam, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, phenytoin sodium, sodium phenobarbital, oksakarbazepin, pregabalin, topiramate.

Source : Apotekers.com